Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Etanol Kaktus Centong (Opuntia cochenillifera) Terhadap Pertumbuhan Bakteri Staphylacoccus epidermidis Dengan Media Buatan Pati Pisang Kepok (Musa paradisiaca)
Keywords:
antibacterial, Opuntia Cochenilifera, Staphylococcus epidermidis, media of Kepok banana starch.Abstract
Centong Cactus (Opuntia cochenilifera) is one of the plants used to treat health problems, but this is done based on hereditary experience. This plant contains flavonoids, tannins, saponins, and steroids. The purpose of this study was to see the antibacterial activity of the ethanol extract of Centong cactus (Opuntia cochenillifera) using alternative media of Kepok banana starch and Muller Hilton Agar Media. This study was conducted experimentally. Samples were extracted by maceration method using 96% ethanol as solvent. Antibacterial activity was tested by disk diffusion method with paper backing technique. The parameters observed were zone of inhibition. Based on the result of the inhibition zone research, the best results were obtained on the banana starch media with a concentration of 40% 18,7mm and on Muller Hilton Agar media with a concentration of 40% 20,1mm. The antibacterial test result stated that the ethanolic extract of Centong cactus could provide an effective inhibition again Staphylococcus epidermidis bacteria. Antibacterial activity using Mullerr Hilton Agar media in order to have a larger zone of inhibition than using kapok banana starch.
Downloads
References
Akiyama, H., Fujii K., Yamaaki O.., Oono T.., dan Iwatsuki K., (2001).
Antibacterial Action of Several Tannin against Staphyloccoccus Epidermidis. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy.48 : 487– 491.
Adelberg,Jawetz,Melnic.2008. Medical Microbiologi.Edisi23 Jakarta:Penerbit Buku Kedokteran EGC.
Annisa dan Rahayu, 2015 jurnal.uns.ac.idThe high cost of instant media such as nutrientagar encourage researchers to find an alternative media from raw materials thatare easily available and cheap. This study aims to determine of using a source ofcarbohydratestoused asan alternativemedia
Cavalieri,S.J.,I.D.Rankin,R.J.Harbeck.R.S.Sautter.,Y.S.McCarter.,S.E.Sharp.,J.H., Ortez., dan C.A Spiegel. (2015). Manual of Antimicrobial SusceptibilityTesting.AmericanSociety forMicrobiology, USA.
Crowther, P. C. 1979. The Processing of Banana Product for Food Use.Tropical ProductInstutePublication.London.8-10 p.
Dawam.2010.KandunganPatiUmbiSuweg(Amorphophalluscampanulatus)padaBerbagaiKondisiTanahdiDaerahKalioso,MatesihdanBaturetno.[Tesis].UniversitasSebelas Maret. Surakarta.
Drs.Syamsuni,H. A.Apt. IlmuResep. Jakarta:Buku KedokteranEGC 2007.
Dr. Faizin, M. Anatomi fisiologi untuk mahasiswa Gizi edisi 3. Penerbit buku kedokteranEGC.2016.
Departemen Kesehatan. (2015). Parameter Standar Umum EkstrakTumbuhanObat.Jakarta:Depkes Ri, 3.
DepartemenKesehatanRI.2009.Undang-UndangRepublikIndonesiaNomor44Tahun2009tentang Rumah Sakit. Jakarta:
Depkes RI.
DepartemenKesehatanRI.FarmakopeIndonesia,DirektoratjenderalpengawasanObatdanMakanan.ParameterStandarUmumEkstrakTumbuhanObat.Jakarta;2000.
DifcoLaboratories,1977MaualofDehydratedCulturMediaandreagentforMicrobiologyand clinical Laboratory9thad. deptoidmighiganHal: 33;93
DepkesRI.(1995).MateriaMedikalIndonsia.JilidIV.CetakanKeenam.Jakarta:DepartemenKesehatan Republik Indonesia.Halaman 297-303 dan334-337.
DepkesRI.(2000).ParameterStandarUmumEkstrakTumbuhanObat.CetakanPertama.Jakarta:Departemen KesehatanRepublik Indonesia.Hal.10-11.
Ditjen POM. (1979). Farmakope Indonesia. Edisi Ketiga. Jakarta: Departemen KesehatanRI.Hal 9-649.
Droge,W.FreeRadicalsInThePhysiological Control Of CellFunction.PhysiolRev.
,82, 47-95.
Fidrianny,I.,Darmawati,A.,DanSukrasno.(2014).Antioxidant CapacitiesFromDifferent Polarities Extracts of Cucurbitaceae Leaves Using Frap, DPPH AssaysAnd Correlation With Fenolic, Flavonoid, Carotenoid Content. International journalofpharmacy and pharmaceutical Science. 6(2): 858-862.
Gandjar, I.G., dan Rohman, A. (2017). Kimia Farmasi Analisis. Yogyakarta: PustakaPelajar.Hal. 222, 252-256.
Gordon.(1990).Themehanismofantioxidantinvitro.Dalam:Hudson,B.J.F.(Ed.).
FoodAntioxidant.ElservierAppliedScience,London andNewYork.
Gupta, A.D. & Rajpurohit, D. (2011).Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activity of Nutmeg(Myristica fragrans). In Preedy, V.R., Watson, R.R. & Patel, V.B. (eds). Nuts andSeedsin Health and DiseasePrevention. Page831– 838.
HarborneJB.(1987).MetodeFitokimia:PenuntunCaraModernMenganalisisTumbuhan.Bandung. PenerbitITB.
Hayet, Mastouri, Ammar, dan Matieu. (2018). Antimicrobal, Antioksidant, and antiviralActive of retama roetam(Forssk.) Webb Flowers Frowing in Tunisia. Wold JMicrobiolBiotechnol.24: 2933-2940.
Hetty, Putu, Armayuni., Putu, Timur, I., A.A.I Sri, Wiadnyani. 2015. Karakteristik PatiPisang Kepok (Musa Paradisiaca var. formatipyca) Termodifikasi dengan MetodeIkatan Silang Menggunakan Sodium Tripolyphosphat (STPP). Skripsi. UniversitasUdayana.
Handa et al., 2016.provides a detailed investigation into the pattern of impacts on schoolenrolment in the CGP only. In Handbook Of Pharmaceutical Excipients 6 ThEdition,Minneapolis,Pharmaceutical Press.
Harti,A.S.,Kusumawati,H.N.,Estuningsih,2012,PerbandinganUjiAktivitasAntiBakteriChitooligosakaridaterhadapEschericiacoliATCC225922,StaphylococcusaureusATCC25923danSalmonellatyphisecarainvitro,Biomedika,4(2): 18-25.
Jiang,Z.A.,Tanaka,T.,Sakamoto,M.,Jiang,T.&Kouno,I.(2001).StudiesOnMedicinal Plant: Lignans From the Stems Of Cynomorium Songaricum. ChemicalAndFharmacetical Bulletin. 49(8):1036-1038.
Manurung, Nova, M. (2016). Karakterisasi Simplisia Dan Skrining Fitokimia Serta UjiAktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Etanol Benalu Kopi (Scurrula ferruginea (Jack)Danser)DenganMetodeDPPH(1,1dipheny1-2-picrylhidrazy).Medan:UniversitasSumateraUtara.
Madigan, M. T., Martinko, J. M., Parker, J., 2000, Brock Biology of Microorganisms,NinthEdition, Prentice-Hall, LondonMhd. Riza Marjoni S. So, M. Fram, Apt. 2016.Dasar-dasar fitokimia untuk Diploma D IIIFarmasi.Transinfo MediaJakarta.
Musita,Nanti.(2012).KajianKandungandanKarakteristiknyaPatiResistendariBerbagaiVaerietasPisang.JurnalDinamikaPenelitianIndustri.Vo.23(1):57-65.
Mustaqim. 2012. Uji Identifikasi Karbohidrat. http://nizamora. blogspot. com/2012/09/uji-iedntifikasikarbohidratedisi.html. Diakses padatanggal 29Agustus 2020.
Muthmainnah,Wildatun,Aida.,LaluSrigede,YunanJiwintarum.2019.PenggunaanBahan Dasar Pisang Ambon (Musa acumintata) sebagai Media Alternatif untukPertumbuhan Jamur Aspergillus niger. Jurnal Analis Medika Bio Sains.6(2), 93-97.
Naomi, Phatalina. Lumban Gaol, M, Anna. Toha, Yusuf, M. (2013). Pembuatan SabunLunak Dari Minyak Goreng Bekas Ditinjau Dari Kinetika Reaksi Kimia. JurnalTeknikKimia.
Nikenindriani.2020.FormulasiDanUjiAktivitasAntibakteriSabunCairEkstrakTerpurifikasi Biji Pinang (Areca Catechu L) TerhadapPropionibacterium acnes.Universitasngudiwaluyo
Pelczar, M. J., Chan, E. C. S., 1988. Dasar-Dasar Mikrobiologi. Jakarta: UniversitasIndonesiaPress.
Pratiwi.2008.MikrobiologiFarmasi.Jakarta:Erlangga.
Putri,Teresya.,dkk,UjiDayaHambatEkstrakDaunLidahBuaya(AloeVeraL.)Terhadap Bakteri Escherichia Coli Dan Staphylococcus Aureus: Review, JurnalFarmaka14 (2), 9-17.
Ravimannan,Nurmala,Arulahmantham,RevathieandKularajani(2014)AlternativeKultureMediaForFungalGrowhtUsingDifferentFormulationOfProteinSources.5(1):36-39
Resi, A.W., Andis, S. (2009) Makalah Kimia Organik Bahan Alam Flavonoit Program S2KimiaFakultasMatematikadanIlmuPengetahuanAlamUniversitasHasanuddin.
Sari, R., & Ferdinan, A. 2017.Pengujian Aktivitas Antibakteri Sabun Cair dari EkstrakKulitDaunLidahBuaya.PharmaceuticalScienceResearch,4(3),111–120.
Satuhu,S danS.Ahmad1992.Pisang.Jakarta:PenerbitPenebarSwadaya.
Shietal1992.Tumbuh-TumbuhanKayaAkanAkanAntiOksidan.RISKESDAS.Jakarta:Balitbang Kemenkes RI.Hal :34-36
Sugiyono. 2010. Metode Penelitian Pendidikan Pendekatan Kuantitatif, kualitatif, danR&D.Bandung: Alfabeta.
Suyanti,A.Supriyadi.2008. Pisang ,Budidaya,Pengolahan,dan ProspekPasar.
Jakarta:PenebarSwadaya.
Soegihardjo,C.J.2013.Farmakognosi.Klaten:IntanSejati.
Sinko,P.J.2011.Martin’sPhysicalPharmacyandPharmaceuticalSciences(6nded).
Baltimore:Lippincott WilliamsandWalkins.
SuryawanshiPoojadanViDyasagar(2016),AntimicrobalActivityOfOpuntiacochnillifera (L) Mill Fruitand CladodeExtrak,GulbargaUniversity,India
Rosidah.,Mun,F.Y.,Amirin,S.,&Mohd,Z.A.(2008)SchoolOfPharmaceuticalSciences,University Sains Malaysia,Pulau Pinang, Malaysia.Hal.616-625.
Tina,D.R.,Mimin,K.,&Fitri,R.W.(2013)UjiAktivitasDayaAntioksidanBuahRambutanRapiahDenganMetodeDPPH,JurusanKimiaFakultasSainsdanTeknologiUIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung.
Widyanto, (2018). Peran Antioksidan Bagi Kesehatan.Pusat Biomedis dan TeknologiDasarKesehatan Balitbangkes, Kemenkes RI
